Top 9 Medical Myths
Dr. Keith Hopcroft of The Times has put together his list top 9 medical myths. Can having sex cause a heart attack? Are headaches a sign of brain tumors? Is breast self-exam actually useless? Can the flu shot give you the flu? Put your medical knowledge to the test. Check out the myths, inside...
9. Having sex can cause a heart attack in men.
Mostly untrue. Per hour, the chances of a 50 year old, non-smoking male suffering a heart attack is about 1 in a million. During sex this increases to 2 in a million which is still negligible.
8. High blood pressure causes headaches.
Very untrue except for in extreme rare cases. High blood pressure usually has no superficial symptoms at all.
7. Diabetics crave sugar.
Mostly untrue. Some diabetics require sugar if their glucose is too low but craving sugar by itself does not equal diabetes.
6. Women need to self-examine their breasts.
Very untrue. Research shows that self-exam has no effect in terms of breast cancer outcomes because it isn't sensitive enough to detect important lumps. In fact it can cause harm by subjecting examiners to increased anxiety. The same holds true for testicular self-exam in males.
5. Diet cuts cholesterol.
Mostly untrue. In clinical trials, diet alone could only cut cholesterol by 10%. Doctors rarely suggest diet changes alone if your cholesterol really needs lowering.
4. Headaches alone can be a sign of a brain tumor.
Totally untrue. Actual tumors produce other symptoms like personality change, fits, or shaking.
3. You shouldn't mix antibiotics and alcohol.
Totally untrue with the exception of the antibiotic metronidazole. Most interactions between alcohol and antibiotics are so small that they're irrelevant.
2. Your tiredness may be caused by anemia.
Mostly untrue. Tiredness by itself is common and usually caused by lifestyle issues. Many times people with tiredness have blood tests that reveal anemia but it was probably not the actual cause of the tiredness.
1. Flu shots give you the flu.
Totally untrue. The vaccine does not contain live virus so it cannot cause the flu. However, many people will contract the cold or the flu around the time of their flu shot and link it to their flu shot.
The top medical myths [The Times]
(Photo: Getty)
Post a comment
Comments:
Can we add: Poison ivy is contagious:
Untrue, you can only get it from contact with the oils of the plant. The bumps and blister fluid from someone with an allergic reaction is not contagious.
I'm tired of everyone in the office treating me like I have the plague because I got some poison ivy last weekend.
Re: #6 Britain's NHS has gone one step further and said the vast majority of mammograms are unnecessary and cause more harm than good through unnecessary worry. On the NHS schedule, women aged 50-70 get a mammogram every 3 years. Women aged 25-49 get a Pap every 3 years, women aged 50-65 every 5 years. Contrast this with American GYN's wanting to do a Pap annually! My GYN told me at my last checkup that she wanted me to have a mammogram soon - I'm 37! (with zero family history of breast cancer)
@Pinget: I believe the guidelines from the American College of Gynecology actually call for annual pap smears for all women under age of 30 (since this is the age for the highest likelihood of cervical cancer). If you are negative for 3 paps in a row, it is recommended you only get a pap every 2-3 years. Annual pelvic exams are still in the guidelines, however.
As for the mammograms,actual recommendations are for women aged 40-49 to have one every 1-2 years, and yearly after 50. If you have any risk factors, you may want to push that up, and if you have cases of breast CA in your family, you'd want to get your first mammogram 10 years prior to the age at which your relative got breast cancer themselves.
It sounds to me like you need a new gynecologist who actually follows ACOG recommendations.
@jaydez:
Can we add: Poison ivy is contagious:Untrue, you can only get it from contact with the oils of the plant. The bumps and blister fluid from someone with an allergic reaction is not contagious.
I'm tired of everyone in the office treating me like I have the plague because I got some poison ivy last weekend.
Look, if humans didn't have an instinctive urge to get away from the guy covered in pus-weeping sores, we'd have gone extinct in the dark ages.
Don't take it so personally.
@jaydez:
I was in that situation last year. No matter how many times I explained it people were convinced I was contagious and that scratching spread it.
6. Women need to self-examine their breasts.
I sort of disagree with this one. I think that the men in womens lives should be doing the exam. My grandfather discovered my grandmothers breast cancer by, well, they we're being intimate. I've also heard of many other similar situations
I think the men in our lives are far more familiar with our breasts that we are.
#8 I would have to say is just wrong. I guess there's the caveat of saying "usually," but I've known and heard stories of people with high blood pressure that have symptoms. One story was particularly bad: My mother worked in a cubicle next to man with extremely high blood pressure. He'd get swollen and his head itched like crazy from time to time. It got very bad one day and he was taken to the hospital and the diagnosis was that the blood pressure caused it. Maybe the diagnosis was wrong, but I've heard of other people with similar symptoms. Maybe #8 just means slightly elevated.
#1 is also weird. The spray vaccine is supposedly a type of live flu, though not the bad strain. The regular vaccine is "dead" virus, no? Either way, it's not the same as the flu, but the symptoms are the same. In fact the symptoms are the same as most common viral infections: flu-like symptoms. So you won't get the flu, but you'll get flu virus (dead or wimpy) and you'll feel like you have the flu. I wish they'd just be honest about what exactly it is, even though it's beneficial. Disinformation always hurts.
@STrRedWolf: It's too bad the article's author wasn't Dr Katz!
@chrisjames: re #1, I agree "the flu" and "flu-like symptoms" sounds like a cop-out. I know, I know, the 'dead' virus is supposed to trigger the immune response. I have too few hair left to split.
I really disagree with #6. My mom found a lump in her breast during her monthly self-exam and reported it to her doctor, whom she had just visited for her annual exam a few months before. The lump turned out to be malignant. If she had followed Hopcroft's advice, she would have given cancer a 10 month head start.
Hopcroft states "research shows X", however, research is based on limited numbers of participants. It does not equal "everyone," and thus a blanket statement such as "very untrue" should not be used for this situation.
I don't know who this doctor is, but if we were to judge by his answers to #6 and #4 then I don't know anyone who would want him as their physician.
Re: #6, we all know at least one woman who found her cancer as a result of a self exam. But the more troubling statement in there is the one about testicular self exams. I know someone who had testicular cancer. And if you read online what the symptoms are then it will become very clear that a self exam, or self detection, is pretty much the only way it will be found. I certainly haven't heard of a test guys should take every year or so to see if they have it.
As for #4, my aunt had severe headaches early last year. Her doctors insisted it was migraines and put her on painkillers. Six months later, when she lost hearing in one ear did they bother to do a scan and there they found a huge tumor right behind her nose.
Given the comments by others relating similar experiences, I have to say that keeping this article posted without any mention in the article that this guy is a dumb@$$ is a bit irresponsible.
so, uh, some of these are misleading actually. Antibiotics that are eliminated by the p450 system in the liver WILL have lower levels than your MD intended if you are a heavy drinker (this turns up the p450 processing plant which in turn processes the Abx faster therefore lower levels). And brain tumors CAN present at first with a progressive headache, so that's bullshit. And diet CAN have a 'significant' impact on some patients' cholesterol and triglyceride levels, so that's bullshit too. A woman who is well trained in how to perform self breast exam CAN (and HAS) find an unusual lump MUCH FASTER than women who wait every 1-2 years to see their primary MD (who may not even do the exam) so THAT'S bullshit, although I do understand the underlying sentiment - they DO have to be trained HOW to perform the exam, and it STILL can miss important lumps, hence the need for mammograms!
Finally, people with poorly controlled hypertension have 'significantly' higher frequency of headaches, this is in the literature, so this is bullshit, and yes, one of the possible signs of anemia is chronic (perhaps progressive even) fatigue, so that too is bullshit.
My gosh, what a totally useless list of bullshit. I do hope Consumerist withdraws this crap from their site, or at least encourages people to talk with their MDs about this if it is relevant/interesting to them.
Gosh.
@banmojo: I'm gonna have to agree with you -- these might not be outright lies, but they certainly are misleading bullshit.
Also, the article says it's a "myth" that you should finish your full course of antibiotics -- woah there, cowboy! While it might not mean they don't work in some cases, it is still most certainly true that courses should ALWAYS be finished.
And as to that last one, just because there's no live virus doesn't mean it can't give you the flu. Every single time I've had a flu shot, it gave me the flu. It probably did this by cranking up my immune system and thus lowering my body's ability to resist the live flu virus that was floating around in the real world. But the fact that it didn't directly inject me with the flu doesn't change the fact that it CAN, and frequently DOES, cause people to come down with the flu who wouldn't have otherwise. (I haven't had the flu in ten years, except for the three times I got the stupid shot.)
Also, the flu shot is "recommended" for damn near everybody...by the companies that are selling it. By the same logic, everyone "over 65" would be taking an entire pharmacy of pills on a daily basis.
Yeah, this list SUCKED, and probably gave a lot of people some very bad ideas.
@queenlizzie: "I think the low-ish risk of discovering a cancerous lump far outweighs the possible "anxiety" one feels when they find something unusual."
Agreed. I'd rather have the anxiety of finding something unusual and getting it tested/going to the doctor than the anxiety of knowing that a cancer has been there for months when I could have known.
I feel the same way about annual GYN exams. Sure, I don't like them, but I'd rather say I don't have cancer than say I'll pass on fifteen minutes of discomfort.
When it comes to cancer, better safe than sorry.
@radleyas:
Amen! Every time I go for a checkup, my doctor asks me if I do monthly BSEs. She also told me that just as often (if not more often), a woman's partner is the one that finds something.
I could understand if that NYT doctor said that mammograms were overdone. But BSEs are free, and they're not difficult. Why on earth would anyone be recommending that people take *less* charge of their health?
Okay, I can't find any qualifications for Dr. Keith Hopcroft, except that his proudest moments are his numerous literary achievements: books and editorial positions. He apparently thinks he's better qualified to give advice because he's given advice before, not because he knows what he's talking about (not to say that he doesn't). Neither The Times nor The Sun has any convenient links on the doctor, so I can't dig in to see where he learned his stuff.
Anyone else have something to contribute, because all I've found on the internet are pages and pages of people in an uproar about the breast exam comment, and wondering why every doctor they've been to says just the opposite for most of these.
@ridbaxter: I agree completely. My mom had the same thing happen. She found a lump during a self-exam. It was a very rapidly growing cancer that wasn't there when she went to the doctor before. I think women need to make sure they get exams by the doctor and get mammograms but also need to be aware of their own body and note any changes they see. If they find a lump, go to the doctor.
It appears that he is a general practitioner. A bit of background:
>Dr. Keith Hopcroft is a full time General Practitioner at Laindon Health Centre in Essex. He is also course organiser of the Basildon Vocational Training Scheme. Keith enjoys writing and his published works include books for the general public as well as medical texts. Titles include 'A Bloke's Diagnose it Yourself Guide to Health', 'A Woman's Diagnose it Yourself Guide to Health' and 'Symptom Sorter'. He acts as Editorial Advisor to DOCTOR Newspaper and UPDATE magazine and is Medical Editor to Men's Health magazine. Keith writes regular columns in the Times and the Sun newspapers and also in DOCTOR magazine and the Journal of Men's Health and Gender, and has been a regular contributor to Radio Four's 'Case Notes'. Somehow Keith also manages to have a social life. He lists tennis, football and 'being a pseud' among his interests and has endured 40 years of abject misery as a Portsmouth F.C. supporter.<
from: [www.geriatrics.ukevents.org]
#5 is just totally wrong. Yes, doctors will often prescribe medication to go along with a diet to lower cholesterol but that's because it's just too easy. I ate garbage, my cholesterol was high, I stopped eating total shit, it went down. I doubt that those kind of habit changes only work for 10% of the population.
And breast self exams are useless? Who WROTE this?
@youbastid: I read it as cholesterol goes down by 10% by diet alone, not 10% of the sample.
I can understand the former. Cholesterol is actually produced by the body, and just adjusting your diet isn't enough to help. His "doctors rarely suggest diet change alone" comment is still suspicious, since my doctor wouldn't stop harping on it, even though I told him what I really needed was a diet change, some exercise, more sleep, and other changes. I think, in general, he means cutting cholesterol intake alone won't cut it.
#4: I got my first and only migraine a few months ago. I freaked out and ran to the doctor, who immediately sent me to get a head scan to check for tumors.
#6: Goes against everything every doctor has ever told me. "Oh noes, ladies, you could be stressing yourself out - don't self-examine for breast cancer!" Bull.
#5: The ULTIMATE bull. Is this "doctor" a shill for Phizer? Changing your diet is the best way to cut cholesterol.
Crap, crap, and more crap. Take this post down, Consumerist!
@Mary Marsala with Fries: it's better than nothing. and no, they don't recommend the flu shot to everyone. they want [pregnant women, people over 50, people with certain conditions, and anyone dealing with those three] usually, anyone else is welcome to but only if they want.
and for good reason, because people in any one of those groups can't deal with the flu like a normal healthy not-pregnant young adult. i for one have never gotten the flu from a vaccine, and i've gotten one every year..and i don't want the flu again cause the last time I had it it was just awful and I thought I was dying. :\
Consumerist should know better than to post these. It's basically a set of 9 FALSE medical statements that contradict themselves.
9) Sex can cause a heart attack, it's just not likely.
8) High blood pressure can cause headaches in extreme cases.
7) Mostly untrue. OK, this one isn't so bad.
6) Really?
5) Diet can lower cholesterol by 10%. Isn't it nice to be alive 10% longer?
4) Depends on where in the brain.
3) antibiotic metronidazole
2) mostly untrue
1) OK, this one is an actual myth. good job.
So, if you don't want to cause people to die, maybe call this article "1 medical myth and 8 exaggerations"
Sorry, I just hate bad medical advice. You have to be responsible about it. I understand exaggerating to make a list. "9 myths" sounds good. But health is serious.
@chrisjames: Whoops, I phrased it wrong. My cholesterol was cut by far more than 10%. I understand that genes and what not can contribute, but it's easier to blame your cholesterol problem on your fat parents than it is to change your entire lifestyle.
@brettt: #3, while he mentions metronidazole, there are yet others that you should be careful about taking with alcohol. He states metronidazole as if it is the sole exception.


























#9 is a bit tricky. So basically, having sex doubles your probability of having a heart attack. If you apply this to the entire population of "50 year old, non-smoking male", it raises the chances from 1 to 2 in a million. If you apply this to an individual with an already high chance of heart failure, lets say around 30%, the same logic bumps his chances to 60%.